Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Tobamovirus
Overview
One of the most well-studied plant viruses, causing mosaic patterns of light and dark green on leaves. Extremely stable and easily transmitted by mechanical contact, contaminated tools, and even smokers' hands.
Symptoms
Light and dark green mosaic patterns on leaves. Leaf curling, distortion, and reduced size. Stunted growth. Fruit may show uneven ripening and internal browning. Yield reduction.
Environmental Conditions
Variable
Prevention
Plant resistant varieties. Wash hands with soap before handling plants. Disinfect tools with 10% bleach or milk. Avoid tobacco products near plants. Remove and destroy infected plants.
Management
No cure for viral infections. Remove infected plants immediately. Disinfect all tools and hands. Milk dip (20% skim milk) on hands and tools reduces transmission. Control aphid vectors.