Antlion

Myrmeleontidae

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Insect Profile

Beneficial Rating

+4 Beneficial

Active Months

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

US Distribution

NortheastSoutheastMidwestSouthwestWest

Habitat Preferences

gardensmeadowsforest edgesdesertsscrub-clad dunesriver banksopen woodland floors

Taxonomic Group

Lacewing

Order

Neuroptera

Family

Myrmeleontidae

Lifecycle

The antlion life cycle is an example of complete metamorphosis, consisting of four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The female lays her eggs in sandy, sheltered locations. The larval stage is the longest, often lasting from one to three years, depending on food availability. The larva, often called a 'doodlebug,' is a voracious predator that digs a conical pit in the sand to trap ants and other small insects. Once the larva reaches its maximum size, it creates a cocoon of sand and silk and enters the pupal stage, which lasts for about a month. The adult antlion, which resembles a damselfly, emerges from the cocoon. The adult's lifespan is relatively short, lasting from 25 to 45 days, during which it focuses on mating and laying eggs.

Overwintering Strategy

Larvae overwinter by digging deeper into the soil and remaining inactive during the colder months.

Native Range

Worldwide, with greatest diversity in tropical and subtropical regions

Attracted By

Drysandy soilloose soilareas near building foundationslights at night (adults)

Repelled By

Information not readily available.

Companion Planting

Companion planting is not a primary strategy for attracting antlions. Instead, focus on providing a suitable habitat. Leaving areas of dry, sandy, or loose soil undisturbed will encourage antlions to build their pits. These areas can be located near garden beds, under eaves, or in other sheltered locations where the soil will remain dry.