Cutworm

Noctuidae

Content coming soon for this insect guide.

Insect Profile

Beneficial Rating

-5 Pest

Active Months

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec

US Distribution

NortheastSoutheastMidwestSouthwestWestPacific Northwest

Habitat Preferences

gardensagricultural fieldslawnsweedy areas

Taxonomic Group

Caterpillar

Order

Lepidoptera

Family

Noctuidae

Lifecycle

Cutworms undergo complete metamorphosis (egg, larva, pupa, adult). Adult moths lay hundreds of eggs in the spring, summer, or fall, either singly or in clusters, on low-growing plants, weeds, or plant residue. The larvae, which are the destructive stage, hatch and feed on leaves and stems. They grow to 1-2 inches in length over several weeks, molting through several instars. Once mature, the larvae pupate in the soil. The adult moths then emerge from the pupae. Depending on the species and climate, there can be one to three or more generations per year.

Overwintering Strategy

Overwinter as larvae or pupae in the soil or under plant debris and in weedy or grassy areas.

Native Range

Varies by species; many are native to North America, while others are migratory.

Attracted By

seedlingsweedy areascover cropsturfgrass

Repelled By

tansymarigoldssagecatnipmintrosemary

Organic Control Methods

Organic control of cutworms focuses on prevention and physical removal. Tilling the soil before planting can destroy overwintering larvae and pupae. Creating physical barriers, such as cardboard or aluminum foil collars around the base of seedlings, can prevent larvae from cutting the stems. Hand-picking the caterpillars from plants at night with a flashlight is also an effective method. Encouraging natural predators like ground beetles, birds, and parasitoid wasps can help control populations. For severe infestations, applications of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), a microbial insecticide, or spinosad can be used.

Companion Planting

Planting aromatic herbs and flowers can help deter cutworms. Tansy is mentioned as a specific repellent. Marigolds, sage, catnip, mint, and rosemary can also be planted near vulnerable vegetables to mask their scent and discourage moths from laying eggs.